systemd-analyze

Analyze and debug system manager. Show timing details about the boot process of units (services, mount points, devices, sockets). More information: https://manned.org/systemd-analyze.

List time of each unit to start up:

systemd-analyze blame

Print a tree of the time-critical chain of units:

systemd-analyze critical-chain

Create an SVG file showing when each system service started, highlighting the time that they spent on initialization:

systemd-analyze plot > {{path/to/file.svg}}

Plot a dependency graph and convert it to an SVG file:

systemd-analyze dot | dot -T{{svg}} > {{path/to/file.svg}}

Show security scores of running units:

systemd-analyze security