DSL(domain-specific languages)即领域特定语言,唯一能够确定DSL边界的方法是考虑“一门语言的一种特定用法”和“该语言的设计者或使用者的意图。在试图设计一个DSL的时候,发现了一些有意思的简单的示例。
jQuery是一个Internal DSL的典型的例子。它是在一门现成语言内实现针对领域问题的描述。
$('.mydiv').addClass('flash').draggable().css('color', 'blue')
这也就是其最出名的链式方法调用。
Cucumber, the popular Behaviour-Driven Development tool, brought to your JavaScript stack。它是使用通用语言描述该领域的问题。
Feature: Example feature
As a user of cucumber.js
I want to have documentation on cucumber
So that I can concentrate on building awesome applications
Scenario: Reading documentation
Given I am on the Cucumber.js GitHub repository
When I go to the README file
Then I should see "Usage" as the page title
发明一门全新的语言描述该领域的问题。
math =
root: Math.sqrt
square: square
cube: (x) -> x * square x
所以由上面的结论我们可以知道的是,难度等级应该是
内部DSL < 外部DSL < 语言工作台(这是怎么翻译的)
接着在网上找到了一个高级一点的内部DSL示例,如果我们要做jQuery式的链式方法调用也是简单的,但是似乎没有足够的理由去说服其他人。
原文在: http://alexyoung.org/2009/10/22/javascript-dsl/,相当于是一个微测试框架。
var DSLRunner = {
run: function(methods) {
this.ingredients = [];
this.methods = methods;
this.executeAndRemove('first');
for (var key in this.methods) {
if (key !== 'last' && key.match(/^bake/)) {
this.executeAndRemove(key);
}
}
this.executeAndRemove('last');
},
addIngredient: function(ingredient) {
this.ingredients.push(ingredient);
},
executeAndRemove: function(methodName) {
var output = this.methods[methodName]();
delete(this.methods[methodName]);
return output;
}
};
DSLRunner.run({
first: function() {
console.log("I happen first");
},
bakeCake: function() {
console.log("Commencing cake baking");
},
bakeBread: function() {
console.log("Baking bread");
},
last: function() {
console.log("last");
}
});
这个想法,看上去就是定义了一些map,然后执行。
接着,又看到了一个有意思的DSL,作者是在解决表单验证的问题《JavaScript DSL Because I’m Tired of Writing If.. If…If…》:
var rules =
['Username',
['is not empty', 'Username is required.'],
['is not longer than', 7, 'Username is too long.']],
['Name',
['is not empty', 'Name is required.']],
['Password',
['length is between', 4, 6, 'Password is not acceptable.']]];
有一个map对应了上面的方法
var methods = [
['is not empty', isNotEmpty],
['is not longer than', isNotLongerThan],
['length is between', isBetween]];
原文只给了一部分代码
var methodPair = find(methods, function(method) {
return car(method) === car(innerRule);
});
var methodToUse = peek(methodPair);
return function(obj) {
var error = peek(innerRule); //error is the last index
var values = sink(cdr(innerRule)); //get everything but the error
return methodToUse(obj, propertyName, error, values); //construct the validation call
};